Evaluación en educación médica

Abstract

Medical education is the university pedagogical process that leads to the training in competencies of students of health sciences, both undergraduate and postgraduate, and of professionals in continuous training. Within this process, probably one of the most complex edges is the evaluation of each student, due to the inherent principles of this action, such as justice, asymmetry of power between student and teacher, academic responsibility, among others, and because of the desirable characteristics of an ins- trument such as validity, reliability, acceptability, feasibility and educational impact. The evaluation of clinical competencies is a complex process, because it requires accounting for the integration of knowledge, skills, and attitudes, mobilized in a context close to professional performance. In recent decades, evidence has accumulated on the usefulness of various evaluation instruments in the field of health sciences education, highlighting the role of timely feedback in educational impact. For all the above, this article updates important aspects of the evaluation of a student’s teaching-learning process by listing the types of instruments most used, their main characteristics, and in which situations they can be used.