Síndrome hepatopulmonar e hipertensión portopulmonar: Dos entidades a diferenciar

Abstract

The clinical course ofpatients with portal hypertension or liver disease may be complicated by two low prevalence entities with high morbimortality: the hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) and portopulmonary hypertension (PPHT). Each one is a consequence ofan impaired hepatic clearance of several vascular mediators, triggering vasodilation of the pulmonary vascular territory in HPS and vasoconstriction with vessel remodelation in PPHT. Both disorders have some similar clinical findings, but useful findings for differential diagnosis are the presence ofplatypnoea and orthodeoxia in HPS, and echocardiographic extracardiac and intrapulmonary shunt in HPS or pulmonary hypertension in PPHT. Currently, liver transplantation is the only effective treatment for both entities provided that indication and timing must be accurately evaluated. We present a review and three cases ofboth entities.